For all countries: Once the visa is stamped and if the candidate does not have ECNR (Emigration Check Not Required) on his passport, then the passport has to be sent to Emigration Office for clearance. To ensure this, an Indian Embassy attested Demand Letter, Power of Attorney and Employment Contract is required. This process will take 2 to 3 days provided all documents are available. Evidently, this tedious process and the subsequent delay can be avoided if the candidate gets the ECNR stamped on his or her passport at the local passport office. This is mandatory and can be done even before they apply for a job. All they have to do is present their Diploma/Degree/ITI certificates at the local passport office.
ECNR/ECR :
As per the Emigration Act, 1983, Emigration Check Required (ECR) categories of Indian passport holders, require to obtain "Emigration Clearance" from the office of Protector of Emigrants (POE), Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs for going to following 18 countries.
United Arab Emirates (UAE), The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Malaysia, Libya, Jordan, Yemen, Sudan, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Syria, Lebanon, Thailand, Iraq (emigration banned).
However , the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (Emigration Policy Division) have allowed ECR passport holders traveling abroad for purposes others than employment to leave the country on production of valid passport, valid visa and return ticket at the immigration counters at international airports in India w.e.f. 1st October 2007.
If the RPO has issued Indian passport either with endorsement of “Emigration Check Required” or no endorsement of “Emigration Check Required” in the passport, POE clearance is required only when there is “Emigration Check Required” endorsement in the passport.